


ADDRESS 



BEFORE 



THE PHILODEMIC SOCIETY, 



Wji 



\ 



THE ANNUAL COMMENCEMENT 



OF 



GEORGETOWN COLLEGE, D 



JiTLY 25, 1848, 



BY BENJAMIN E. GREEN, ESQ., 



OF WASHINGTON, D. C 



TO WHICH IS APPENliED 



' TALOGUE OF THE MEMBERS 



OP THE 



PHILODEMIC SOCIETY 



* 



r-7v^- 






^J 




WASHINGTON 

J. A>JD G. S. GIDEON, PR 

1848. 






ADDRKSS 



BEFORE 



THE PHILODEMIC SOCIETY, 



AT 



THE ANNUAL COMMENCEMENT OF GEORGETOWN COLLEGE, D. C, 




July 25, 1848, 
BY BENJAMIN E. GREEN, ESQ., 

OF WASHINGTON, D. C. 



TO WHICH IS APPENDED 



A CATALOGUE OF THE MEMBERS 



OF THE 



PHILODEMIC SOCIETY 



■:Li*. 




WASHINGTON 



J. ANP G. S. GIDEOK, PRINTERS. 

H^ 1848, 






\IM 



I 



ANNUAL MEETING, 1848. 



At the annual meeting of the Philodemic Society of Georgetown College, D. C, held 
on the 25th of July, 1848, the following resolutions were unanimously adopted : 

Resolved, That the thanks of the Society are due, and hereby tendered, to Benjamin E. 
Green, esq., no less for the interest he has manifested in its welfare, than for his able and 
eloquent Address of to-day. 

Resolved, That a committee be appointed to request a copy of Mr. Green's Address for 
publication. 

The following gentlemen were appointed as the committee of publication, viz : 

DR. GRAFTON TYLER, ) 

J. CARROLL BRENT, > Com. of Publicatioiu 

DR. FRANCIS M. GUNNELL, ) 



Washington, July 26th, 1848. 
Sir : In pursuance of a resolution passed at the annual meeting of the Philodemic 
Society, appointing us a committee to request a copy of the interesting Address delivered 
by you at the Annual Commencement of Georgetown College on yesterday for publica- 
tion, we have great pleasure in communicating their wishes. 

We remain, with great respect, your obedient faithful servants, 

GRAFTON TYLER, ) 

FRANCIS M. GUNNELL, V C(mmitt''.e. 
JOHN CARROLL BRENT, ) 
Benjamin E. Green, esq., present. 



Washington, July ^th, 1848. 

Gentlemen : I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your note of the 26th in- 
stant, and send herewith, as requested, a copy of my Address. 

In doing so, permit me to express my earnest wishes for the continued prosperity of the 
Philodemic Society, of which 1 was so long an active member. 
Respectfully, your obedient servant, 

BENJAMIN E. green. 
To Messrs. Grafton Tyler, 

F. M. GuNNELL, 

John Carroll Brent, 

Committee of Philodemic Society. 



ADDRESS. 



Gentlemen of the Philodemic Society : 

Truly do time and distance lend enchantment to the associations con- 
nected with our college life, hallowing the memory of the venerated pre- 
ceptors, who directed, and loved companions, who shared, our studies. 
The lapse of years teaching the man the value and real kindness of those 
necessary restraints of discipline, which to the youth frequently appear 
harsh and unreasonable, we look back with filial affection to those, who 
with patient zeal devoted themselves to our improvement in knowledge and 
virtue. And the daily experience of after-life, contrasting its sordid strug- 
gles with the more noble and generous emulation of a contest for academi- 
cal distinction, grapples to the soul with hooks of steel the friends of our 
*' dear school-boy days." Blunted unto goodness is his heart that does not 
swell with tender emotion at every recollection of the tranquil days passed, 
or companionship enjoyed, in the classic bosom of his ^* Alma Mater." 

Gentlemen, in the discharge of the duty which your partiality has 
assigned to me this day, I find myself again within this well known hall. 
A thousand pleasing reminiscences crowd upon me. They carry me back 
to the hour when last I stood here, with bright and happy anticipations of 
success in life, tempered into sober sadness at parting from those associates 
whom youth and youth's affections bound to me, and whose many acts of 
kindness time has only served to graven deeper on my memory. I would 
fain dwell upon this theme. I would speak of, and linger over, the past. 
But, although this scene is, in its general features, to me familiar as a 
household word, yet — when I look more closely to the upturned faces below 
me, and scan the row of benches beside me, where in former years was 
my own accustomed seat — I am reminded that few, if any, remain of those, 
who made part of the occurrences to which I would allude, or could enter 
with full sympathy into the feelings which now rise in ray own breast. 
Those, who occupied with me the seats you now fill, are scattered abroad. 
Many of them, these places which knew them, and bore witness to their 
budding worth, shall know no more. You, gentlemen, did not know them ; 
and though there is a sympathy, which binds together, like nurselings of the 
same breast, those who have drawn, even at distant intervals, from the 
same fountains of learning, yet at this moment I could not expect to carry 
your attention back with me to the past. You are about to leave this spot : 
some to enter into the busy strife on the great theatre of the world ; some 
to enjoy for a while the calmer and more secure delights of a reunion with 
the domestic circle. Your thoughts are turned eagerly forward to the hour 



6 

of meeting with the loved ones at home, or to the long career of honorable 
and successful exertion, which you have marked out for yourselves in the 
future. I shall find it easier to turn my thoughts into the same onward 
channel with yours, than to enlist your feelings in the retrospect now forced 
on my own mind. Contenting myself, therefore, with a brief indulgence 
of the pleasant souvenirs connected with my own sojourn within the walls of 
Old Georgetown College, I invite your attention to that outer world, in 
which the object of your stay here has been to qualify you the better to 
achieve the honorable distinction that awaits on a life well spent. 

In that connection, I may congratulate you, gentlemen, on the training 
you have here received, and the advantages you have enjoyed for the ac- 
quisition of knowledge. The quiet seclusion of these walls has afforded 
you the opportunity, free from interruption by the world's exciting plea- 
sures, to store your minds with all the treasures of learning ; and whatever 
question might arise on particular articles of religious faith, there can be 
none as to the value of that moral instruction, which makes a prominent 
feature of the discipline of this institution. 

I may also congratulate you on the sera of the world's history, at which 
you enter upon life. You come upon its stage in an age of improve- 
ment ; at a time when science, unexhausted by the achievements, which 
have annihilated time and space and made the lightning of heaven the 
servant and messenger of man, is each day adding by new discoveries to 
his comfort and well-being, and to the honor of his Creator. You go forth 
from your seclusion here at a time, when great advances have been, and 
are still being, made in every species of improvement, moral, scientific, 
social, and political ; yet at a moment, pregnant with great revolutions 
abroad and with events of scarce less importance at home. In the direc- 
tion of the latter, in controlling their results, for good or evil, you will be 
called on to take your part; and, in so doing, wiU have occasion for the 
exercise of the talents you have here cultivated, guided to their fitting and 
proper aim by the precepts of morality and virtue, which have formed part 
of your education. 

More especially, gentlemen, may I congratulate you that this is the land 
of your birth and the theatre of your future exertions. Here nature with 
bounteous hand has lavished her choicest blessings. Here has she 
brought together, in rich profusion, her most inexhaustible sources of in- 
dividual wealth and national grandeur. Here has she spread out her 
widest and most fertile fields, and here channeled her broadest and deep- 
est rivers. Here has she hidden in the full bowels of the earth, but easily 
accessible, endless stores of mineral wealth. And here, while thousands 
of the over-crowded population of other countries are fainting for want of 
the necessaries of life, the teeming and abundant soil freely supplies the 



wants of all. Here the ground would seem to have escaped the curse 
pronounced upon it, because of the transgression of our first parents ; for, 
instead of thorns and thistles, we have a land flowing with milk and honey. 
Verily, "the lines are fallen unto us in pleasant places ; yea, we have a 
goodly heritage." 

Likewise may I congratulate you in respect to those, who are the part- 
ners of this inheritance. The intelligence and character of your country- 
men may well arouse an honorable pride. The many schools and colleges 
scattered throughout the land — at once the instruments and the monuments 
of your rapid improvement — bear witness to the former ; while the latter 
is made known, at home and abroad, in the busy enterprise, the dauntless 
energy, the untiring perseverance, that command the admiration of the 
world and have already placed us in the front rank of nations. It would 
seem that the hand of God had, with special providence, raised up on this 
land a people, peculiarly fitted by such qualities, united to great inventive 
genius, for the development of all the hidden and visible stores of wealth, 
with which He has filled it. In the accomplishment of that providence, 
mountains have been levelled and the valleys filled up. The mysteries of 
earth and air, of fire and water, have been made known. The secrets of 
the underground have been explored. Your countrymen have descended, 
without fear, into the dark regions under the earth, and risen with bold 
hand, but with no impious thought, to seize and wield the thunderbolts of 
the skies. Nations have witnessed, with admiration and awe, the pro- 
found researches of Franklin, Fulton, Morse, and others, whose discoveries 
have placed them among the greatest benefactors of their country and of 
mankind, and whose labors, following the genius of their countrymen, are 
not more remarkable for important results than for their practical and use- 
ful aim. 

But while we acknowledge with grateful hearts the rich bounties of in- 
dulgent heaven to us, its so favored people ; while we indulge in a not un- 
becoming display of patriotic pride, in contemplating the character of our 
countrymen, let not our fair countrywomen be forgotten. They are dis- 
tinguished by a like superiority of mental, moral and personal charms. 
Where, in the broad expanse of the universe, can be found any to compare 
with the peerless beauty, the gentle but brilliant virtues, that adorn the 
daughters of America ? Without them, this garden of the earth would 

seem 

"A barren path, a wildness and a dream." 

Without them, those qualities, of which we boast, would be valueless and 

void of results. 

" Without the home that plighted love endears, 
Without the smile from partial beauty won, 
Oh! what were man? A world without a sun." 

But, more than all, gentlemen, I would congratulate you that your lot 

has been cast where, by the blessing of heaven, a fortunate combination of 



8 

circumstances has enabled us to realize the nearest and happiest approach 

to the perfection of free government that the world has ever seen. Here 

our forefathers achieved what the free and patriot hearts of other lands 

have sighed for and attempted in vain. Here the intelligence and virtue 

of their descendants have so far maintained, in successful and harmonious 

operation, the grand and still rising structure, which they established on a 

foundation cemented by their truth, wisdom, patriotism, and piety. It is 

unnecessary for me to point out to you the difficulties they encountered, or 

the privations and dangers they had to undergo, in the times that tried 

men's souls. These are all familiar to you. Neither is it necessary, nor 

does time permit me, to dwell long on the happy concurrence of causes 

that guided their experience to the fortunate result, when our present form 

of government was established. Amongst the most important I may 

mention, besides the advantages of a new country and sparse population, 

that fortunate jealousy of the Home aristocracy, which, by restraining the 

issue of patents of nobility, based on colonial possessions, had prevented 

the growth of a privileged class amongst us. But in nothing were we so 

favored as in this, that, though united by the war of independence in a 

common struggle, the British American colonies were, previous to that 

event, separate and independent of each other. 

When I last spoke from this place, I chose these themes for a discourse 
on ancient and modern republics. Subsequent reflection and a close study 
of the political history of those people, who, on our own continent and in 
Europe, have sought to imitate our example, have but served to convince 
me more firmly of the great and important bearing which these causes have 
had on our destiny. The difficulty of introducing such a government as 
ours into an over crowded country is shown in the recent unhappy events 
in the fair capital of France. There, in the 19th century, we have heard 
the shout of "liberty, equality, and brotherhood," swell, on the tainted air, 
as it recoiled from fratricidal carnage. There, within the last few days, 
have we witnessed scenes to fill the soul with horror, and arouse sad fore- 
bodings of the future. A second time may it now be sung of the land 
of Lafayette, that the saturnalia of freedom has left her "drunk with blood." 
Alas, poor France! She was our early friend, our support in time of need. 
God bless her! My heart, as the heart of every American must, yearns 
towards her, and I would fain hope that her aspirations may yet be ful- 
filled. Though, by an early storm, her tree of liberty has again 

" Lost its blossoms, and the rind, 
Chopped by the axe, looks rough and little worth;" 

yet do I hope to see 

" Another spring less bitter fruit bring forth." 
But her past experience warns us not to indulge any very sanguine confi- 
dence. Her progress in the knowledge of the true principles of free gov- 



9 

ernment has been slow indeed. She has advanced but a few steps beyond 
where she was three centuries ago, when Claude de Seyssel, in his work on 
the French monarchy, printed in 1519, placed parliament, the represen- 
tatives of the people, before the King. And now, in her projet of a con- 
stitution just presented, there is much to excite alarm. The 7th article of 
her declaration of rights states in specious language this false proposition : 

Art. 7. " The right of labor is that which every man has of living by his work. Soci- 
ety is bound, by the productive and general means at its disposal, and which will hereafter 
be organized, to furnish labor to every man who cannot procure it otherwise." 

From any attempt to put this into practice the worst results must ensue. 
Its effect must be to engender vice and indolence; to raise up and pamper 
a class of men who, having no capital and too indolent to work, will seek 
to live on the capital and labor of others. It is opposed to every principle 
of just and free government, the object of which is simply to protect each 
alike in the enjoyment of the fruits of his own labor, without favor to, or 
restriction upon, any. And the introduction of such a proposition into the 
fundamental bases of government, caused as it has been by the wants of 
a crowded population, can result no otherwise than in increasing the evil 
it would remove, and in a perversion of the true principles of liberty. 

In the events that have recently occurred in Paris, we likewise discover 
an evidence of the difficulty of introducing a republican government into a 
country where the principle of consolidation, long established, has result- 
ed in drawing every thing to the centre. This it is, that, by giving an un- 
due preponderance to the capital, until it is truly said that Paris is France, 
has raised the greatest obstacles to the establishment of Republicanism. 
The natural tendency of all government is to centralism and consolidation. 
These necessarily lead to an increase and abuse of executive power, and 
to despotism in various forms. If there be any one political proposition 
the truth of which has been fuUy tested by experience, it is this : that in 
a country of any large extent, a free republican government can only be 
maintained under the Federative system, which guards the rights and pro- 
vides for the wants of all portions of the country by local governments, and 
presents, in their jealous watchfulness, an antagonist principle, counter- 
acting the natural tendency to centralism. I was surprised when my at- 
tention was first arrested by the remarks of Mr. Ward, the first British 
minister to Mexico, in his book on that country. His reflections on this 
subject are so full of political wisdom, that I may be excused for quoting 
them at some length. He says: 

'* It is difficult to conceive any country less prepared than Mexico was in 1824 for the 
transition from despotism to democracy. The principles on which the present (Federal) 
government is formed, were, at first, neither duly appreciated, nor generally understood ; 
yet, from the mere force of circumstances, they have taken root, and already have struck 
too deeply into the Koil to be easily shaken. Thtir hold upon the country is founded neither 
in a general diffusion of knowledge, nor in what might be termed theoretical patriotism. It 
rests on a still surer basis, the passions and interests of the most influential classes of the 
inhabitants. 



10 

" In each State a field is opened to every citizen, upon which few think themselves too 
obscure to venture, although they might not have aspired to political honors beyond the 
limits of their own provinces. In a small circle every thing is a source of distinction; and 
thus the multiplicity of petty offices, ci'cated by the State legislatures, though disadvanta- 
geous in one sense, by increasing the expenses of the country, is of use in another, by 
bringing home to all classes the advantages of a change, which places employment and a 
sort of rank in the world within the reach of the humblest individual. 

"Another advantage, with which the subdivision of authority has been attended, is the 
neutralization of rival interests. The revolution left behind a number of turbulent yet influ- 
ential officers, who, under any central form of government, must have pi'oved dangerous 
candidates for power; but who have now found, in their respective States, that employ- 
ment which the supreme government could not have given to all. Many have become, 
under these circumstances, useful and efficient servants of the public, whose restless spirits, 
if not provided with a proper vent, would have involved them in enterprises fatal to the 
tranquillity of their fellow citizens. 

" It is likewise favorable to the gradual development of the resources of the country, by 
removing those checks upon the activity of individuals which the preponderance of any 
one man is generally found to create. In a territory so vast, and as yet so little explored, 
no central government, whatever its energy, or however beneficent its intentions, could pos- 
sess sufficient local knowledge to do the good which it might desire to effect. Under the 
present system, the internal arrangements of the States are left to their own care; and, with 
some few restrictions with regard to foreign trade, they are at liberty to adopt, without re- 
straint, any plans of improvement that may suit the peculiarities of their respective terri- 
tories. 

" Their ability to support this system, I have had frequent occasion to investigate. To 
a certain extent, it has been already demonstrated ; and the journals of my visit to the inte- 
rior will prove that, wherever a man of activity has been placed at the head of affairs, a 
good use has been made by the provinces of the free agency with which they are entrusted. 
In Guanajuato, San Luis, Durango, Jalisco, La Puebla, and Vera Cruz, as well as in some 
others of the Central and Northern States, important changes have taken place, and much 
has been done towards that gradual introduction of a better order of things, from which 
alone permanent improvement can be expected." 

Such is the willing tribute of a British statesman to the excellencies of 
the Federative system. Such the testimony which he bears to the rapid 
improvement of Mexico during the few years that she continued under 
that system. Had she been able to maintain it; had she rightly appre- 
ciated its value; had the other Departments seconded, as they should have 
done, the gallant struggle of the people of Zacatecas, in its defence against 
the usurpations of Santa Anna, then these anticipations of her success 
would have been realized, and she would have risen far above and beyond 
the position she now occupies. 

Our own career has been so brilliantly prosperous, that we are apt to 
think too slightingly of those who have failed in what we have been suc- 
cessful. But Mexico has had greater difficulties to encounter than we had. 
Her Republic possessed but few of the elements of success that distin- 
guished our own; and, in the outset of her career, there were working in 
her bosom agencies of failure and decay, from which we were happily free. 
Her people were utterly ignorant of those principles of rational liberty 
which had been growing familiar to our forefathers, and to those from whom 
they sprung, since the days of Magna Charta. Hers was indeed a revolu- 
tion, uprooting the whole mternal organization of society. Ours, properly 
speaking, can scarce be called a revolution. It was a release from foreign 
dom-inion, unaccompanied by any great or violent domestic changes. Her 



11 

revolution left behind a standing army and an influential class of men, 
dissatisfied with the new order of things, by which they had lost their aris- 
tocratic power and privileges. We had no fallen aristocracy to disturb our 
peace, or intrigue against our liberties; and the men of our war of inde- 
pendence saw too much of the hardships of active, and too few of the allure- 
ments of idle, military life, to lose the character of the citizen in that of 
the soldier. 

But these were not the greatest obstacles to the introduction of free gov- 
ernment in Mexico. Other and more important influences arose from the 
long-established principle of consolidation. Mexico had been long subject 
to a consolidated government, under which all authority emanated from 
the vice-regal centre, embracing her whole immense territory under one 
undivided jurisdiction. The introduction of the Federative principle was 
the more difficult, because it required that political society, as then consti- 
tuted, should be first broken into fragments. The newly formed States re- 
quired time to lay aside the character of provinces and to assume that of 
independencies. With the British North American colonies this was not 
the case. Each was wholly independent of the other. Each had its sepa- 
rate government. Each was a State in itself. Coming together thus, the 
adoption of the Federative system was fraught with less danger of consoli- 
dation, because they were not recent subdivisions of what had been one 
jurisdiction, but an union of sovereign States, previously independent, del- 
egating by compact to a central government specially defined powers for 
special objects. Firmly established, and jealous of all encroachment upon 
their rights by the central government, they were better able to guard and 
maintain the Federative principle, which, I repeat, is, in every country of 
large extent, the best protection, not only of the rights and interests of the 
diflferent sections, but of individual liberty. Without it, the intelligence 
of the people and the liberty of the press would scarce be suflicient. The 
first may be misled. The people, confiding in rulers of their own choice, 
naturally look to the Government press for information. But power will 
find in that press a tool subservient to its wishes; and the time may arrive 
when the people, looking to such sources of information, may be misled to 
their own prejudice, until undeceived only by finding their dearest rights 
assailed and in danger. If, then, the power and patronage of the State 
governments should be superadded to that of the Federal Executive, the 
alarm might come too late to avert a fearful struggle. 

Besides the favorable testimony of the British Minister, whose words I 
have quoted, I might point you to other proofs of the value of the federa 
tive feature of our Government, in the cotemporary accounts of the first 
years of Victoria's administration, when that system prevailed in Mexico. 
In Niles' Register, of the 22d October, 1825, I find it stated that— 



12 

'* The government of Mexico appeared to be steadily pursuing its course, and the pro- 
ceedings of the Congress were interesting and honorable to the members and people. The 
police was good, and the laws respected — much more than formerly — and the whole coun- 
try was tranquil." 

In the same paper, of the 7th of January, 1826, is the following : 

"The people were flocking from Alvarado and other places to Vera Cruz, which will 
immediately beconie the seat of a mighty commerce. The road to the capital is to be im- 
proved, and good inns provided for the accommodation of travellers. No country in the 
world, perhaps, has improved more rapidly than Mexico since her emancipation. Even 
the bands of robbers, that infested the mountains, have left their haunts and applied them- 
selves to honest professions." 

Such are the tendencies of a federative form of government. Such 
were its happy effects in Mexico. Such the fair blooms of promise that 
were blighted by its overthrow and the substitution, by Santa Anna, oi 
the principle of centralism, which arrested her onward progress. 

Gentlemen, my time is short, and I will not detain you by narrating 
what this federative union of sovereign States has done for us. It is seen 
in our vast annual amount of agricultural and other produce ; in our roads 
and canals ; in the villages, towns, and cities, that have risen as if by 
magic; in our schools, colleges, and churches; in the rapid increase and 
spread of our population ; in their happy and prosperous condition at home, 
and in the respect paid to them abroad. It only remains for me to remind 
you, that with us a federative government is only another name for Union ; 
that these two are not twain, but one — widely different from consolidation — 
and, having pointed your attention to the happy fruits of such a marriage 
of State and general jurisdictions, to utter the prayer, which finds an echo 
in your own hearts, Esto perpetua ! 

For the fulfilment of this hope, you, gentlemen of the Philodemic 
Society, bear a portion of responsibility. For the maintenance of her 
institutions, our country relies on the intelligence and virtue of her child- 
ren, and on yours, in common with all your fellow citizens. As to the 
manner in which you shall discharge your duty in this respect, I leave it 
to your own good judgment, as occasion may arise. Nor could aught that 
I might say add weight to the lessons of public and private virtue, which 
you have here learned, and which will bring forth good fruit long after I, 
and the words I now speak, shall have passed from your recollection. For 
you have been here taught by those, whose kindness you can never forget, 
to let all the ends you aim at be your country's, your whole country's, 
God's, and Truth's. 

Gentlemen, I thank you for your attention, and for the honor conferred 
by calling on me to address you on this occasion. 



LIST OF THE MEMBERS 



OP THE 



PHILODEMIC SOCIETY 



OP 



GEORGETOWN COLLEGE, D. C. 



"This Society commenced in the year of our Lord 1830 and the 54th of the Indepen- 
dence of the United States, and is essentially a Debating Society, having for its objects 
the cultivation of eloquence, the promotion of knowledge, and the preservation of our 
country's liberty. It consists of resident, non-i'esident, and honorary members. Its meet- 
ings are of two kinds, viz., the ordinary, to be held at such times as may be prescribed by 
the by-laws ; and the Grand Annual, to be held on or after the day of the Annual Com- 
mencement of Georgetown College." 



RESIDENT MEMBERS. 



Edmund L. Smith, Pennsylvania, 
Edmond Deslonde, Louisiana, 
Pierre D. D. de la Croix, Louisiana, 
Alfred J. Higgins, Virginia, 



William Mouton, Louisiana, 
Alphonso Semmes, Georgia, 
Adrian B. Lapretre, Louisiana.- 



-7. 



NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 



GRADUATES. 



Edmond Reuel Smith, New York, 

Henry J. Forstall, Louisiana, 

Alexander A. Allemong, South Carolina, 

John C. Riley, District of Columbia, 

Bernard G. Caulfield, Dist. of Columbia, 

Louis Valery Landry, Louisiana, 

Casimir G. Dessaulles, Lower Canada, 

Rev. Samuel A. Mulledy, Virginia, 

Eugene A. Lynch, Maryland, 

John C. Brent, District of Columbia, 

George Brent, Maryland, 

Rev. William F. Clarke, Dist. Columbia, 

Reuben Cleary, Louisiana, 

Daniel C. Digges, Maryland, 

Rev. George Fenwick, Dist. of Columbia, 

Edward Fitzgerald, Virginia, 

Benjamin R. Floyd, Virginia, 

E. M. Millard, Maryland, 

Rev. Charles H. Stonestreet, Maryland, 



James McSherry, Virginia, 
Thomas H. Kennedy, Louisiana, 
Daniel J. Desmond, Pennsylvania, 
Lewis W. Jenkins, Maryland, 
William Gwynn, Maryland, 
S. H. Gough, Maryland, 
Edward A. Lynch, Maiyland, 
W. R. Green, District of Columbia, 
Alexander Dimitry, Louisiana, 
Charles J. Faulkner, Virginia, 
Hon. Solomon Hillen, Maryland, 
Rev. C. Constantine Pise, Maryland, 
Dr. Eicon A. Jones, District of Columbia, 
R. D. Cutts, District of Columbia, 
Rev. Edward A. Hastings, Georgetown 

College, D. C. 
Edward Doyle, New York, 
P. Hamilton, Maryland, 
William R. Harding, Maryland, 



14 



GRADUATES — Cmitiuued. 



Nicholas Stonestrect, Maryland, 

Thomas Preston, Virginia, 

P. Pemberton Morris, Pennsylvania, 

Rev. Thomas M. Jenkins, Maryland, 

Rev. John M. Aiken, Tennessee, 

Laurent J. Se2:ur, Louisiana, 

Peter E. Bon ford, Virginia, 

Henry H. Strawbridge, Louisiana, 

John T. Doyle, New York, 

Dr. Joshua A. Ritchie, Dist. of Columbia, 

Dr. James T. Laphen, Dist. of Columbia, 

Lieut. Julius Garesche, Delaware, 

George Cuyler, Georgia, 

J. H. French, Virginia, 

Robert Ford, Maryland, 

Benjamin E. Green, District of Columbia, 

Oliver A. Luckett, Georgia, 

Joshua Nichols, District of Columbia, 

Hugh Caperton, District of Columbia, 

Andrew V. Vanel, Louisiana, 

William H. Lewis, Tennessee, 

William S. Walker, Mississippi, 

Thomas R. Jenkins, Maryland, 

John H. O'Neill, Maryland, 

John M. Heard, Maryland, 

Henry J. Lang, Georgia, 

Geoi'ge B. Clarice, District of Columbia, 

Joseph Johnson, Mississippi, 

Tliomas J. Semmes, District of Columbia, 



James H. Bevans, MaryFand, 

William M. Bradford, Georgia, 

Rev. Samuel L. Lilly, Pennsylvania, 

John C. Thompson, Georgia, 

Rev. W. D. McSherry, Virginia, 

John L. Kirkpatrick, Georgia, 

Eugene Cummiskey, District of Columbia^ 

Edward C. Donnelly, New York, 

Richard H. Clarke, District of Columbia,. 

James A. Iglehart, Maryland, 

William E. Bird, Georgia, 

Walter S. Cox, District of Columbia,. 

Francis H. Dykers, New York,: 

John W. Archer, Virginia, 

Robert E. Doyle, New York, 

John E. Wilson, Maryland, 

Prosper R. Landry, Louisiana, 

Eliel S. Wilson, Maryland, 

L. T. Brien, Maryland, 

Hon. William P. Brooke, Maryland',^ 

Nicholas Knighton, Maryland, 

George Marshall, Tennessee, 

Waldemar de Bodisco, Russia, 

Oleveira Andrews, Virginia, 

John C- Longstreth, Pennsylvania, 

James H. Donegan, Alabama, 

Charles Oe Blanc, Louisiana, 

James P. Edmonson, Virginia. — 94. 



StJB-GRADUATES.* 



John H. Hunter, Maryland, 

John H. Digges, Maryland, 

John R. Brooke, Maryland, 

John D. K. Cashen, Florida, 

George A. Digges, Maryland, 

Thomas T. Gantt, Maryland, 

T. S. Lee Horsey, Delaware, 

Henry Hunter, Maryland, 

John S. Hurst, Virginia, 

Joseph Jenkins, Maryland, 

R. H. Livingston, New York, 

Edward C. Preston, Virginia, 

Andrew K. Sanders, Virginia, 

Benjamin Smith, Louisiana, 

Charles Smith, Louisiana, 

Richard N. Snowden, Maryland, 

James Stewart, Virginia, 

F. W. Thornton, Virginia, 

W. R. Turner, District of Columbia, 

Thomas Matthews, Maryland, 

Rev. Jos. J. Balfe, Pennsylvania, 

James HoUahan, Pennsylvania, 

Franklin K. Beck, Alabama, 

Richard B. Lloyd, District of Columbia, 

William H. Dunkinson, Maryland, 

J. Aristide Landry, Louisiana, 

William A. Lenox, District of Columbia, 

Wm. Matthews Merrick, Maryland, 

Lewis F. Bundy, Louisiana, 



Adam Wever, Virginia, 
Edmond Menard, Illinois, 
William D. Diggeis, Maryland, 
James Faye, District of Columbia, 
Geo. R. C. Floyd, Virginia, 
Benjamin J. Borden, Upper Canada, 
William D. Willis, Virginia, 
Joseph Hoban, District of Columbia, 
Rev. Henry Hoban, District of Columbia^ 
Henry dueen. District of Columbia, 
Walter Meade Thompson, Maryland, 
Edmund J. Plowden, Maryland, 
Nicholas Dimitry, Louisiana, 
Michael F. Roddy, South Carolina, 
Wilhara J. Ben-y, District of Columbia, 
Dr. John Jackson, Virginia, 
Col. Thos. A. Maguire, Pennsylvania, 
Rev. John A. McGuigan, Pennsylvania, 
C. B. Kiernan, Alabama, 
Onesime Guidry, Louisiana, 
Thomas B. Mullen, Pennsylvania, 
Jonathan Butcher, t)istrict of Columbia, 
Thomas Ritchie, Virginia, 
James O'Reilly, District of Columbia, 
Joseph R. Pearson, Upper Canada, 
W. H. Ward, District of Columbia, 
Peter A. Lamothe, Lower Canada, 
Dr. James A. Higgins, Maryland, 
Thomas J. Hungerford, Virginia, 



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* The Sub-graduates are those who left the College before graduation. 



15 



SUB-GRADUATES — CoiUimied, 



Fleming Gardner, Virginia, 

Oeorge T. Andrews, East Florida, 

Adonis Petit, Louisiana, 

Col. Wm. W. Loring, U. S. A., Florida, 

Thomas J. Callahan, Ireland^ 

Robert M. Lusher, South Carolina, 

Lycurgus C. Valdenar, Maryland, 

William D. Wynn, Georgia, 

Henry B. Thompson, Georgia, 

Joseph L. Brent, Louisiana, 

John B. Brooke, jr., Maryland, 

G. De Lanaudiere, Canada, 

Martin Kennedy, Louisiana, 

Alonzo B. Dufour, Georgia, 

Benjamin E. Whelan, Alabama, 

P. Francis Drain, District of Columbia, 

Lieut. A. J. Semmes, U. S. N., Dist. Col., 

Henry D. Power, District of Columbia, 

Virginius Newton, Virginia, 

D. Brent, Maryland, 

Constantine Doyle, Nova Scotia, 

Francis Kernan, New York, 

R. U. Hyatt, District of Columbia, 

George C. Morgan, Maryland, 

Benjamin Gwynn, Maryland, 

Benjamin Young, Maryland, 

Peregrine S. Buckingham, Virginia, 

James Fitton, Virginia, 

Alexander Campau, Michigan, 

Sheridan Miles, Maryland, 

John Kenny, Virginia, 

Alcide P. Buard, Louisiana, 

Henry Williamson, Georgia, 

Kuiton, Canada, 

Felix Metoyer, Louisiana, 
James Masicot. Louisiana, 
Francis H. Hall, Maryland, 
Nicholas Snowden, Maryland, 
John Sims, Georgia, 



Richardson Davis, Virginia, 

Poindexter, Virginia, 

Albert Erskine, Alabama, 

Polycarpe Fortier, Louisiana, 

Richard H. Hagner, District of Columbia, 

John G. Peyton, Virginia, 

Geo. R. C. Pi'ice, Virginia, 

Joseph G. Chevalie, Virginia, 

David Wade, Virginia, 

William H. Fitzhugh, Virginia, 

R. B. Gooch, Virginia, 

Henry A. Edmonson, Virginia, 

William Mitchell, Maryland, 

Nicholas E. Cleary, Virginia, 

Dr. William J. Digges, Maryland, 

Dr. Edward A. Pye, Maryland, 

Tobias T. Durney, Pennsylvania, 

John H. C. Mudd, Maryland, 

Michael Wallace, Virginia, 

Joseph W. Kent, Virginia, 

Ignacius A. Lancaster, Maryland, 

O. A. Renthrop, Louisiana, 

Lindsey C. Warren, Georgia, 

WiUiam C. Taylor, Missouri, 

Dr. Alexis C. Guidry, Louisiana, 

Robert P. Kenny, Virginia, 

Winfield S. Gibson, Mississippi, 

H. Carrington Watkins, Virginia, 

John W. Tongue, District of Columbia, 

Daniel W. Adams, Mississippi, 

W. H. Campbell, Georgia, 

Zenon Ledoux, Louisiana, 

Samuel B. Grahan, South Carolina, 

Henry A. Wade, Pennsylvania, 

George Loyall, Virginia, 

V7illiam H. Byrd, Virginia, 

Julien Cummin, Geoi-gia, 

Clement Cox, District of Columbia, 

Joseph Young, Dist. of Columbia. — 136. 



HONOaART MEMBERS. 



Rev. Thomas F. Mulledy, Virginia, Pre- 
sident of Georgetown College, 
Rev. James Ryder, President of College of 

the Holy Cross, Massachusetts, 
Dr. Maurice A. Power, New York, 
Or. Robert A. Durkee, Maryland, 
Robert Barry, District of Columbia, 
Dr. Peregrine Warfield, Dist. of Columbia, 
Hon. Torlade D'Azambuja, Portugal, 
McClintock Young, District of Columbia, 
Hugh McLaughlin, Maryland, 
Hon. William Gaston, South Carolina, 
John O'Sullivan, District of Columbia, 
Rev. Philip A. Sacchi, Georgetown Col- 
lege, District of Columbia, 
William Leggett, New York, 
U. C. Young, Maryland, 
John Sullivan, District of Columbia, 
Theodore Jenkins, Maryland, 
James Hoban, District of Columbia, 



Z. Collins Lee, Maryland, 
Rev. Oliver Jenkins, Maryland, 
Rev. P. Corry, Maryland, 
Donald McLeod, District of Columbia, 
John E. Devlin, New York, 
Hon. John M. S. Causin, Maryland, 
Hon. J. Leeds Kerr, Maryland, 
Wilham A. Stokes, Pennsylvania, 
Col. W. J. Blakiston, Maryland, 
Hon. R. J. Walker, Secretary of the Trea- 
sury, Mississippi, 
H. G. S. Key, Maryland, 
J. M. Gillis, U S. N., Dist. of Columbia, 
Hon. Wm. Cost Johnson, Maryland, 
Hon. J. P. Kennedy, Maryland, 
O. H. Brownson, Massachusetts, 
John Addison, District of Columbia, 
George W. Parke Custis, Virginia, 
Joseph H. Clarke, Maryland, 
William George Read, Maryland, 



16 



HONORARY MEMBERS. — Continued. 



W. W. Seaton, Mayor of "Washington, 

District of Columbia, 
Jules Derille, Guadaloupe, 
William McDermott, District of Columbia, 
Right Rev. John Hughes, Bishop of New 

York, New York, 
Rev. John McCaffrey, President of Mount 

St. Mary's College, Maryland, 
Lieut. Maury, U. S. N., Dist. Columbia, 
Dr. Grafton Tyler, District of Columbia, 
Dr. Wm. A. Aiken, Maryland, 
Gen. Duff Green, District of Columbia, 
Col. Charles A. May, U. S. Army, 
Dr. J. F. May, District of Columbia, 
Hon. Morris Longstreth, Pennsylvania, 



John F. Ennis, District of Columbia, 
S. Humes Porter, District of Columbia, 
Perry E. Brocchus, Alabama, 
Richard Crawford, District of Columbia, 
Dr. Henry A. Ford, Maryland, 
Dr. James Morgan, District of Columbia, 
Dr. Joshua Riley, District of Columbia, 
Peter C. Howie, District of Columbia, 
Eusebius Jones, District of Columbia, 
Alphonse Barbot, U. S. N., Dist. of Col , 
Robert Ould, District of Columbia, 
Richard Lay, District of Columbia, 
Rev. Mr. Foley, District of Columbia, 
Enoch L. Low, Maryland. — 62. 



The election of the Annual Orator for next year then came up, and, on the first ballot, 
Mr. J. Segur, of Louisiana, was elected. 
On the first ballot for substitute, Mr. Enoch L. Low, of Maryland, was elected. 



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